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1.Survey
Karamay was the first big oil field developed since the founding of the
people's republic of China.Karamay¡± ,meaning ¡°black oil¡± in the
Uygur language, gets its name from the natural asphalt hill at the city¡¯s northeast edge--the black oil hill.
On December 29,1955,the first well drilled in this region began to produce oil, marking the
discovery of the Karamay oil field. during may,1955, Karamay city was established under the
approval of the state council. through brilliant pioneering of more than 30 years,
Karamay has
been built into a petroleum production base with fairly complete departments including:
exploration, drilling, oil production, oil pipeline, refinery, construction, transportation, machine repairing and manufacturing, and a new petroleum city with a basically complete set of scientific research,
culture and education, public health, commerce and
trade, as well as public facilities. Karamay
is located at the northwest edge of Zhungarian basin, at east longitude 84.42¡¯, and
north latitude 45.36¡¯, covering an area of 9,500 square kilometers.Karamay has 4 districts , 2 communes, and 1 town, the total
population in 1990 was 260000 among which the
han nationality covers 76.24%, the remaining 23.7% consists of more than 30 minorities
including uygur, kazak, hui, mogolian, man,xibo, russian and so on. the dominating industry in
Karamay is the petroleum industry which is also the economic mainstay in
Xinjiang. The head office of the xinjiang petroleum administration bureau (xpa) is in
Karamay. the
industrial output value in 1990 was 1,878 billion yuan.
by the end of 1990, Karamay had produced nearly 100 of
kinds oil products, 19 of which have entered the
international market. two of these oil products won china national gold medals and 8 won silver medals.50
kinds were named as high grade products at the ministry and provincial level.
transportation in Karamay is very convenient.three main highways pass through the city¡¯s region,and the highway network within
Karamay reaches everywhere. there are fixed bus lines to urumqi and the main cities in north ern xinjiang. there are
direct flights to urumqi on tuesday, thursday and
saturday. along with oil field development and construction, 5 natural towns with oil field
features are formed along the aletai-dushanzi highway to the north of Karamay:
jinglong, sanping,baijiantan,baikouquan and wurhe. there are also the "double
five" towns of gongqing and the dushanzi district
in the south, formulating the greater area,Karamay ,a city with many smaller towns
surrounding it. the city has 14 scientific research organs
and 25,000 technical personnel. by the end of 1990, Karamay gained more than 100 achievements
in scientific research above the ministry and
provincial
level, more than 30 of them won china national prizes.
the main touring places in Karamay are the black oil hill, the windy city (ghost city) and
the no.1 well. Karamay has undertaken a wide range of foreign corporations since china¡¯s reform and
opening to the outside world technicians from
more than 100 foreign companies like cgg, rolls royce, general
electric, mits ubishi heavy lndustries, schlumberger,etc. have been to Karamay
for technical services. meanwhile, more than 40 foreign big petroleum companies like
exxon, shell, bp, mobil and so on have sent geological field inspection delegations
to visit Karamay. by the end of 1990, more than 3,500 foreign experts have been to
Karamay for inspections, visiting, economic and technical exchanges as well as technical services.
Karamay has more than 3,000 people who are relatives of overseas Chinese in more than 20 countries or regions as well as having compatriots in hongkong, macao
and taiwan. by the end of 1990, more than 1,500 overseas chinese and compatriots came to
Karamay to visit relatives and sightsee. as a petroleum city, Karamay
will first guarantee the state plan and then try to move on to diversifications, with the consideration of the market needs and
taking use of its own advantages. in coming years, key projects will include highly
developing natural gas and furthering the processing of petroleum by- products.enhancing the three industries petroleum machinery, electrical industry, and
construction material industry as well as agriculture and sideline productions,engage in joint operations in three types of products (lubricates
,petrocoal,chemical products )and build up three industries (petrochemical works, light
textile industry and fodder industry ). through various types of joint operations
and corporations, Karamay will be built into a diverse city majoring in petroleum
industry, with multi-industry structure and multi functions.
Karamay is typical continental. it is dry hot and little rain here in summer. the
difference of temperature varies greatly in summer and winter,the annual average
temperature is 8.4 degree above zero with the highest being 40 degrees and the
lowest being minus 28 degrees. the annual rainfall is 170 mm.
2.Sinic Spots
(1)No.1 Well:
lies in the northeast of karamay .it was
drilled in 1955 and the oil gushed from the well on
october 29th of the same year. because it was the first
well and the symbol of discovery of the karamay oil field
in china , we named it ¡°the no.1 well ¡±of karamay , and
a monument was set up here in oct ,1982. today the well
is still producing oil.
(2)Black Oil Hill
It is where the important oil seepage outcrop lies in
the northeast of karamay ,2 kilometers away from the city center.the crude oil which has overflowed for
thousands of years gathered into an asphalt hill and was found by an
old local uygur man who
was making a living with it before
liberation, ¡°karamay¡± means ¡°black oil¡± in uygur. in 1955 the drilling workers
found the first well here in china ,so it was named ¡°the no.1 well¡± . for the
sake of keeping up the spirit of plain living and hard struggle, a three meter
stone carving monument and a statue of the old uygur man who is playing rewapu(amusic instrument)on the donkey were set up on 1st ,oct ,1982 . today the black oil
hill becomes the memorial and scenic spot where people receive revolutionary
education.
(3)Ghost City:
3 kilometers southeast of Urhe county,Karamay ,there is a unique wind-eroded
landform named the windy city¡¢ with an
elevation of 350m ,it covers an area of 10
square kilometers and is often called the ghost city by the local people .according
to geological surveys ,over 100 millions
year ago in the cretacious period,there was a huge lake in this place .plenty of plants grew
around the lake and primitive animals like the urhe stegosauria,
pleisiosauria,dinosaur ,the junggar pterosauria lived in the fresh water of the lake .it was
paradise of aquatic animals .due to two violent crustal movements, the lake turned
into a big desert with sandstone and argillite which was geologically called ¡°gobi
tableland ¡± as thousands of millions of years passed, gullies of varied depth were
formed due to wind and rain errosion. exposed formations were cut and polished in
grotesque shapes .some are like bizzare animals ,baring fangs and brandishing
claws; some are like ancient castles. here the landform features upright structures like pavilions , towers ,temples
and pagodas¡¢there ,a magnificent royal palace towers proudly into the skies .the
picturesque wind borne city is everchanging and invites your utmost imagination
.On the undulating slope are scattered pebbles of various colors( scarlet, azure, snow
white, orange)just like the pearls left by the magic princess, making the place
more mystical . the windy city stands in the draught and wind blows all year round.When big winds come, yellow sand covers the sky .the wind wails like ghosts and
howls like wolves ,surging and echoing ,weeping and screaming ,making your hair
stand on end .the windy city is called ¡°sumuhak¡±in mongolian and ¡°sayitankersi¡±in kazak language ,both mean haunted place .that¡¯s why the wind borne city is also
called the ghost city.
3.Transportation
Transportation here is very convenient. the Wuyi
Highway (urumuqi-yining)goes through the city¡¯s dushanzi district of karamay in the south end. the
adu highway (aletai-dushanzi)passes through all the regions from south to north. the duku highway
(dushanzi-kuche) crosses the tianshan mountain and
reaches everywhere in southern
xinjiang, and the huke highway (hutubi-karamay) leads directly to urumqi. there is also a
highway linked with tacheng to the west.the highway network within the oil field
covers every corner. direct flights to urumqi fly on tuesday, thursday and
saturday. along with the city development and construction , transportation has
been greatly improved. now it is very convenient for tourists to take the bus or
rent car from us to wherever they want to go.karamay
4.Tour Route
D1,Urumqi-Ghost City by our
car,live in Ghost City Hotel.
D2,Ghost City--Karamay,visit the mosque ,oil field, exhibition hall ,black oil hill park , peoples square,then
back to Urumqi.
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